The Davis-Horton House

The Oldest Surviving Structure in Downtown San Diego

by Dr. Gil Ontai • Gaslamp Quarter Historical Foundation Apr. 3, 2026

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The Davis-Horton House, built in 1850, is the oldest surviving structure in downtown San Diego. It was originally one of a dozen prefabricated homes shipped from Maine by William Heath Davis, widely regarded as the city’s first real estate developer. In 1867, Alonzo Horton, commonly referred to as the “Father of San Diego," purchased the house for just $100. He lived there with his fourth wife, Sarah, while the first of their five mansions was being built at 10th and G Streets.

The home is designed in the classic saltbox style, named for its resemblance to early wooden salt containers. This architectural style typically features a two-story front, a single-story rear, and a long, sloping roof that extends down the back. Other defining characteristics include a flat-front façade and a central chimney.

Originally located near what is now State and Market Streets, the house has been relocated twice. In 1873, it was purchased by Anna Scheper, who operated it as a county hospital at 227 11th Street. Today, each room in the house represents a different chapter of its past, from military officers’ barracks to a hospital to a private residence, reflecting the many lives it has lived and the colorful figures who once called it home.

Much later, in 1977, the home was donated to the City of San Diego and moved to Island Avenue to serve as a museum. Restoration efforts followed, and electricity was installed for the first time in 1984. A modern community room was constructed in the basement, which also serves as a gallery space, offices, and an archival research center. The museum is fully ADA-compliant and has served as a venue for educational, cultural, and historical programs.

Designated San Diego Historical Landmark No. 9, today, the Davis-Horton House serves as the Gaslamp Quarter Historical Foundation’s museum and is located in the heart of the historic Gaslamp Quarter.

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To learn more about Davis-Horton House, consider taking a self-guided tour of the Gaslamp Museum at the Davis-Horton House, the oldest building in downtown San Diego.